References and citations
Proper referencing is very important.
Writing
at university and working in research require you to study the work and
ideas of other people and then bring those together to generate your
own ideas and conclusions.
In-text citations and referencing is a way to acknowledge the work of other people and distinguish the work that is your own. It is vital for academic honesty and avoiding plagiarism.
In-text citations and referencing is a way to acknowledge the work of other people and distinguish the work that is your own. It is vital for academic honesty and avoiding plagiarism.
REASONS FOR REFERENCING
Referencing correctly is important for several reasons:
> To show respect for the original source. Using someone else's work as your own without properly acknowledging it is considered intellectual theft.
> To demonstrate that you have done the research. Your lecturer want to see that you have considered the experts when forming the basis of your arguments.
> To show what research you've done. Your teacher must assess the quality of your research. Accurate referencing following a specific style will enable the reader to easily locate and verify your research.
> To avoid plagiarism. Failure to properly acknowledge the work of others means you are implying that the idea or words are yours. This is plagiarism and the consequences may affect your academic progress at university.
> To demonstrate that you have done the research. Your lecturer want to see that you have considered the experts when forming the basis of your arguments.
> To show what research you've done. Your teacher must assess the quality of your research. Accurate referencing following a specific style will enable the reader to easily locate and verify your research.
> To avoid plagiarism. Failure to properly acknowledge the work of others means you are implying that the idea or words are yours. This is plagiarism and the consequences may affect your academic progress at university.
STYLE GUIDES
Before
bibliography, ask your professor which style they prefer you to use and
refer to the instructions included with your assignment. All
your citations and references should match the style you are using
exactly, including any punctuation, capitalization, italics and bold,
and you should use the same referencing style throughout your
assignment.
ARU HARVARD (ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY HARVARD STYLE)
The ARU Harvard is the official style at use at ISU. Use the full ARU Harvard style guide or browse through our quick guide.
APA STYLE GUIDE
This guide is an introduction to the American Psychological Association (APA) referencing system (2020, 7th ed.)
OXFORD STYLE GUIDE
Oxford is a citation style that uses footnotes at the bottom of the page rather than in-text citation styles such as Harvard and APA.
AIAA REFERENCE STYLE AND FORMAT
AIAA is the reference style of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
NASA PUBLICATIONS GUIDE FOR AUTHORS
This document presents guidelines for use by NASA authors in preparation and publication of their scientific and technical information (STI). NASA SP-2015-7602/REV 2.
EXAMPLES
Citing is the process of including details of your sources within the text of your assignment. This is also known as in-text citation.
Examples of an in-text citation (Anglia Ruskin Harvard Style):
Cormack (1994, pp.32-33) states that "when writing for a professional readership, writers invariably make reference to already published works".
In his work on health information, Smith (1975) states ...
Referencing
is the process of acknowledging in detail all the information sources
(books, journal articles, images, data, webpages etc.) that you have
used in completing an assignment. References form a list with full
details of sources placed at the end of an assignment or paper.
Example of a reference list (Anglia Ruskin Harvard Style):
Sweeting, M., 2018. Modern Small Satellites-Changing the Economics of Space. Proceedings of the IEEE, [online] 106(3), pp.343-361.
Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8303876/figures [Accessed 6 February 2019].
Rodriguez-Alvarez, N. et. al. 2009. Soil Moisture Retrieval Using GNSS-R Techniques: Experimental Results Over a Bare Soil Field.
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47(11), pp. 647-85.
Kleissl, J., 2013. Solar Energy Forecasting and Resource Assessment. Oxford: Academic Press.
REFERENCING SOFTWARES
ZOTERO
Zotero is a free and open-source reference management software to manage bibliographic data and related research materials, such as PDF files. How to use Zotero for referencing in 2023, Academic English Now, video.
MENDELEY
Mendeley is a reference manager software which is used to manage and share research papers and generate bibliographies for scholarly articles.
